Although there are many frameworks to understand the pattern and motives of e- participation of people, yet none of them is adequate to capture the holistic view due to variations in the social context, digital inclusion, technological advancement, demographic changes etc.

Various democratic governments are trying to define the future path of citizen participation in democratic decision through ICT based platform and thus with time various academic work with an innovative approach have come up. The range and availability of citizen e-participation platforms provided by the government, non-government organizations as well as private players are increasing day by day as the idea of governance is shifting more and more from democracy to digital democracy. Hence, with the passage of time and post-advent of ICT, citizens’ political participation has taken diverse forms both offline as well as online which gave rise to the concept of e-participation which acts as the backbone of Digital Democracy. For instance, Gundogan (2010) believed that political participation is an essential component of democracy and consists of transferring citizens’ ideas, opinions, feelings, desires, and critics to governing process at the stage of preparing policies, developing a solution and implementing the decisions. Many scholars have underlined the importance of citizen’s participation in democracy and how ICT can play an important role in it. The Internet and the corresponding rise of social media have provided scope for various innovative ways of engaging citizen and the democratic electorate on issues that matter for both as one nation. Here you will find a list of all recitals.Just like any other social system, democracy too needs regular innovation to respond to changing societal necessities and norms. If you find the page useful, feel free to support us by sharing the project.

The European Data Protection Regulation is applicable as of May 25th, 2018 in all member states to harmonize data privacy laws across Europe. All Articles of the GDPR are linked with suitable recitals. Here you can find the official PDF of the Regulation (EU) 2016/679 (General Data Protection Regulation) in the current version of the OJ L 119, cor.

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